1. Materials of shaft parts
The selection of shaft parts material is mainly determined based on the strength, stiffness, abrasion resistance and manufacturing of the axis, and strives to be economical. The commonly used axis parts are 35, 45, and 50 high -quality carbon steels, which are the most widely used in 45 steel. For ordinary carbon steels such as Q235 and Q255, which are less loaded or less important. For large stress, axial size, weight restrictions, or some special requirements can be used in alloy steel. For example, 40CR alloy steel can be used for medium accuracy and higher speeds. After the quality is adjusted, the material has good comprehensive mechanical properties; choosing alloy steel such as CR15 and 65MN can be used for high accuracy and poor working conditions. After the quality and surface quenching, these materials have good abrasion resistance and fatigue resistance. If a shaft parts working under high -speed and heavy load conditions, choose low -carbon steel or 38CRMOA1A penetration of 20CR, 20CRMNTI, 20MN2B and other low -carbon, 20MN2B and other low -carbon steels or 38CRMOA1A. Carbon steel, after carburizing and quenching or nitrogen seepage treatment, not only has high surface hardness, but its heart strength is also greatly improved. Therefore, it has good abrasion resistance, impact toughness and fatigue resistance. Due to the good casting performance and vibration reduction performance, the ball and ink cast iron and high -intensity cast iron are often used in a shaft with complex shape structure. Especially the rare earth developed by my country -magnesium ball ink cast iron, which has good impact resilience, and also has the advantages of reduction, vibration absorption, and small sensitivity of corresponding stress.
2. Rough of axis parts
The rough of the axis parts is common profile (round rod material) and forging. Large -scale, complicated shapes can also be cast. The crankshafts in the internal combustion engine are generally used for casting. The rough or cold stretch of the corner is suitable for a ladder shaft with a smooth shaft or a small diameter. After the forging blanks are heated, the internal fiber tissue of the metal is distributed along the surface, so it has high tensile, bending and twist resistance, which is generally used for important axes.
